Arab Journal of Gastroenterology
Volume 11, Issue 3 , Pages 149-152 , September 2010

Endosonography as a predictive tool for first oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

  • Hussein Hassan Okasha

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Address: Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Cairo University, 1007 Kornish El-Nil, El-Malek El-Saleh, Cairo, Egypt. Tel.: +20 10 1000502; fax: +20 23 3366605.
    • ,
  • Fardous Ramadan

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
    • ,
  • Mohamed El-Saadany

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
    • ,
  • Moammar Al-Rabat

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
    • ,
  • Mazen Ibrahim Naga

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
    • ,
  • Ahmed El-Badri

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
    • ,
  • Ayman Fouda

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
    • ,
  • Ahmed Murad Hashem

      Affiliations

    • Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Received 13 February 2010 ,Accepted 12 July 2010.

References 

  1. Jensen DM. Endoscopic screening for varices in cirrhosis: Findings, implications and outcomes. Gastroenterology. 2002;122(6):1620–1630
  2. Grace ND. Diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension. American College of Gastroenterology Practice Parameters Committee. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997;92(7):1081–1091
  3. Sgouros SN, Bergele C, Avgerinos A. Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of portal hypertension. Where are we next?. Dig Liver Dis. 2006;38(5):289–295
  4. Kassem AM, Salama ZA, Zakaria MS, Hassaballah M, Hunter MS. Endosonography and Doppler endosonography of the azygos vein following sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices. Digestion. 1998;59(Suppl. 3):339
  5. Salama ZA, Hassaballah M, Kassem AM, Zakaria MS, Hunter MS. The role of endosonography in prediction of variceal bleeding. Endoscopy. 2000;32(Suppl. 1):E57
  6. Kassem AM, Salama ZA, Zakaria MS, Hassaballah M, Hunter MS. Endoscopic ultrasonographic study of the azygos vein before and after obliteration of esophagogastric varices by injection sclerotherapy. Endoscopy. 2000;32:630–634
  7. Faigel DO, Rosen HR, Sasaki A, et al. EUS in cirrhotic patients with and without prior variceal hemorrhage in comparison with noncirrhotic control subjects. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000;52(4):455–462
  8. Irisawa A, Obara K, Sato Y, et al. EUS analysis of collateral veins inside and outside the esophageal wall in portal hypertension. Gastrointest Endosc. 1999;50(3):374–380
  9. Nidegger D, Ragot S, Berthelemy P, et al. Cirrhosis and bleeding: the need for very early management. J Hepatol. 2003;39(4):509–514
  10. Lay CS, Tsai YT, Lee FY, et al. Endoscopic variceal ligation versus propranolol in prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;21(2):413–419
  11. De Franchis R, Primignani M. Natural history of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Liver Dis. 2001;5(3):645–663
  12. Kakutani H, Hino S, Ikeda K, et al. Prediction of recurrence of esophageal varices – special reference to a role for endoscopic ultrasonography. Hepatol Res. 2005;33(4):259–266
  13. Plevris JN, Dhariwal A, Elton RA, et al. The platelet count as a predictor of variceal hemorrhage in primary biliary cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995;90(6):959–961
  14. Kleber G, Sauerbruch T, Ansari H, et al. Prediction of variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis: a prospective follow-up study. Gastroenterology. 1991;100(5 Pt 1):1332–1337
  15. Dhiman RK, Choudhuri G, Saraswat VA, et al. Role of paraoesophageal collaterals and perforating veins on outcome of endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices: an endosonographic study. Gut. 1996;38(5):759–764
  16. Leung VK, Sung JJ, Ahuja AT, et al. Large paraesophageal varices on endosonography predict recurrence of esophageal varices and rebleeding. Gastroenterology. 1997;112(6):1811–1816
  17. Konishi Y, Nakamura T, Kida H, et al. Catheter US probe EUS evaluation of gastric cardia and perigastric vascular structures to predict esophageal variceal recurrence. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002;55(2):197–203
  18. Irisawa A, Obara K, Bhutani MS, et al. Role of para-esophageal collateral veins in patients with portal hypertension based on the results of endoscopic ultrasonography and liver scintigraphy analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003;18(3):309–314
  19. Sato T, Yamazaki K, Toyota J, et al. Perforating veins in recurrent esophageal varices evaluated by endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography with a galactose-based contrast agent. J Gastroenterol. 2004;39(5):422–428
  20. Irisawa A, Saito A, Obara K, et al. Endoscopic recurrence of esophageal varices is associated with the specific EUS abnormalities: Severe periesophageal collateral veins and large perforating veins. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001;53(1):77–84
  21. Awadein M, Okasha H, El Gendy D, et al. Diagnosis of gastroesophageal varices and portal venous collaterals in cirrhotic patients. Egypt J Internal Med. 2005;17(2):297–305

PII: S1687-1979(10)00093-6

doi: 10.1016/j.ajg.2010.07.011

Arab Journal of Gastroenterology
Volume 11, Issue 3 , Pages 149-152 , September 2010

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